Ucwaningo: Amathuba nezinselelo zokuhlanganisa ukuthuthukiswa kwezinto ezisimeme ze-polymer zibe yindilinga yamazwe ngamazwe (bio) imiqondo yezomnotho.Ikhredithi Yesithombe: Lambert/Shutterstock.com
Isintu sibhekene nezinselele eziningi ezesabekayo ezisongela izinga lokuphila ezizukulwaneni ezizayo.Ukuzinza kwezomnotho kanye nemvelo yesikhathi eside kuwumgomo ophelele wentuthuko esimeme.Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kuye kwavela izinsika ezintathu ezihlobene zentuthuko esimeme, okungukuthi ukuthuthukiswa komnotho, ukuthuthukiswa komphakathi kanye nemvelo. isivikelo;kodwa-ke, “ukusimama” kuhlala kuwumqondo ovulekile onezincazelo eziningi kuye ngomongo.
Ukukhiqizwa nokusetshenziswa kwama-polymers wempahla bekulokhu kuyingxenye ebalulekile yokuthuthukiswa komphakathi wethu wesimanje.Izinto ezisekelwe ku-polymer zizoqhubeka zidlala indima ebalulekile ekufezeni Izinjongo Zokuthuthukiswa Okusimeme zeNhlangano Yezizwe (SDGs) ngenxa yezakhiwo zazo ezifundekayo kanye neziningi. imisebenzi.
Ukugcwalisa Isibopho Esinwetshiwe Somkhiqizi, ukugaywa kabusha kanye nokunciphisa amapulasitiki asetshenziswa kanye kuphela kusetshenziswa amasu ngaphandle kokugaywa kabusha okujwayelekile (ngokuncibilika nokukhipha kabusha), kanye nokuthuthukisa amapulasitiki “asimeme” amaningi, okuhlanganisa nokuhlola umthelela wawo kuwo wonke umjikelezo wempilo, konke lokhu kuyinketho esebenzisekayo ukubhekana nenkinga yepulasitiki.
Kulolu cwaningo, abalobi baphenya ukuthi ukuhlanganiswa ngamabomu kwezakhiwo / imisebenzi ehlukahlukene, kusukela ekuphathweni kwemfucuza kuya ekuklanyweni kwezinto ezibonakalayo, kungathuthukisa ukusimama kwamapulasitiki.Babheka amathuluzi okulinganisa nokunciphisa umthelela omubi wamapulasitiki emvelweni kukho konke ukuphila kwabo. umjikelezo, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezisetshenziswa ezivuselelekayo kumiklamo egaywa kabusha kanye/noma ebolayo.
Kuxoxiswana ngekhono lamasu e-biotech okugaywa kabusha kwe-enzymatic yamapulasitiki angasetshenziswa ku-bioeconomy eyindilinga.Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuxoxiswana mayelana nokusetshenziswa okungaba khona kwepulasitiki esimeme, ngenhloso yokufeza Izinjongo Zokuthuthukiswa Okusimeme ngokusebenzisa ukubambisana kwamazwe ngamazwe.Ukuzuza ukusimama komhlaba wonke. , izinto ezisezingeni eliphezulu ezisekelwe ku-polymer zabathengi kanye nezicelo eziyinkimbinkimbi ziyadingeka.Ababhali babuye baxoxe ngokubaluleka kokuqonda amabhulokhi wokwakha asuselwa ku-biorefinery, i-green chemistry, izinhlelo eziyindilinga ze-bioeconomy, nokuthi ukuhlanganisa amandla okusebenza nobuhlakani kungasiza kanjani ukwenza lezi zinto zibe ngaphezulu. esimeme.
Ngaphakathi kohlaka lwezimiso zamakhemikhali aluhlaza (GCP), umnotho oyindilinga (CE), kanye ne-bioeconomy, ababhali baxoxa ngepulasitiki esimeme, okubandakanya ama-polymers asuselwa ku-bio, ama-biodegradable, nama-polymers ahlanganisa zombili izakhiwo.ukuthuthukiswa kanye nobunzima bokuhlanganisa kanye namasu).
Njengamasu okuthuthukisa ukusimama kocwaningo lwe-polymer kanye nentuthuko, ababhali bahlola ukuhlolwa komjikelezo wempilo, ukusimama komklamo, kanye ne-biorefinery. ukuqinisekisa ukuqaliswa ngempumelelo kwezinqubo ezizinzile kusayensi ye-polymer.
Kulolu cwaningo, ngokusekelwe emibikweni eminingana, abacwaningi babone ukuthi isayensi esimeme kanye nezinto ezisimeme ziyazuza kubuchwepheshe obukhona nobusafufusa, njenge-digitization kanye nobuhlakani bokwenziwa, kanye nalezo ezihloliwe ukuze kubhekwane nezinselelo ezithile zokuchithwa kwezinsiza kanye nokungcoliswa kwepulasitiki. .amasu amaningi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ucwaningo oluningi lubonise ukuthi ukubona, ukubikezela, ukukhipha ulwazi oluzenzakalelayo kanye nokuhlonza idatha, ukuxhumana okusebenzisanayo, nokucabanga okunengqondo konke kungamakhono alezi zinhlobo zobuchwepheshe obusekelwe kuma-software.Amakhono abo, ikakhulukazi ekuhlaziyeni nasekukhipheni amadathasethi amakhulu, nawo ehlonziwe, okuzoba nomthelela ekuqondeni kangcono izinga nezimbangela zenhlekelele yepulasitiki yomhlaba wonke, kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwamasu amasha okubhekana nayo.
Kolunye lwalezi zifundo, i-polyethylene terephthalate (PET) hydrolase ethuthukisiwe yabonwa ukuze ikhiphe okungenani u-90% we-PET ku-monomer phakathi namahora angu-10.Ukuhlaziywa kwe-meta-bibliometric kwama-SDGs ezincwadini zesayensi kubonisa ukuthi abacwaningi basendleleni efanele mayelana nokusebenzisana kwamazwe ngamazwe, njengoba cishe ama-37% azo zonke izindatshana ezikhuluma ngama-SDGs ziyizincwadi zomhlaba jikelele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imikhakha yocwaningo evamile kakhulu Idathasethi yisayensi yempilo kanye ne-biomedicine.
Ucwaningo luphethe ngokuthi, ama-polymers ahamba phambili kufanele aqukathe izinhlobo ezimbili zemisebenzi: leyo etholakala ngokuqondile ezidingweni zohlelo lokusebenza (isibonelo, igesi ekhethiwe kanye ne-liquid permeation, actuation, noma in charge kagesi) kanye nalezo ezinciphisa izingozi zemvelo, njengokwelula impilo yokusebenza, ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwezinto noma ukuvumela ukubola okubikezelwayo.
Ababhali babonisa ukuthi ukusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obuqhutshwa yidatha ukuxazulula izinkinga zomhlaba kudinga idatha eyanele nengachemile evela kuwo wonke amagumbi omhlaba, kugcizelela kabusha ukubaluleka kokubambisana kwamazwe ngamazwe.Ababhali baphikisa ngokuthi amaqoqo esayensi anesithembiso sokwandisa nokwenza lula ukushintshana kolwazi. nengqalasizinda, kanye nokugwema ukuphindaphindeka kocwaningo futhi kusheshiswe uguquko.
Baphinde bagqamisa ukubaluleka kokuthuthukisa ukufinyelela ocwaningweni lwesayensi.Lo msebenzi ubonisa nokuthi lapho kucutshungulwa izinhlelo zokubambisana kwamazwe ngamazwe, kubalulekile ukunamathela emithethweni yokubambisana okusimeme ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi awekho amazwe noma imvelo ethintekayo.Ababhali bagcizelela ukuthi kubalulekile. ukukhumbula ukuthi sonke sinesibopho sokuvikela iplanethi yethu izizukulwane ezizayo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Feb-22-2022